Viruses and Human Cancer: From Basic Science to Clinical Prevention

Viruses and Human Cancer: From Basic Science to Clinical Prevention PDF free download – The determination that infection by a specific subset of human viruses is the primary cause of a substantial fraction of human cancers is one of the most important achievements in cancer etiology and intervention. It was recently estimated that a virus infection is the central cause of more than 1,400,000 cancer cases annually, representing approximated 10% of the worldwide cancer burden (Plummer et al. 2016). The widely accepted human oncoviruses are human papillomaviruses (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (also called human herpesvirus 8), human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). This conclusion is based on the cumulative knowledge from a large number of experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies over the last five decades